Guides

Reference articles on how work hours turn into pay: overtime rules, the regular rate, rounding, breaks, pay periods and the vocabulary that surrounds them. Written to be checked rather than skimmed, with sources at the bottom of every page.

9 guides · General information, not legal or tax advice

Getting paid correctly

Overtime laws by state

Federal rules plus the states that add daily or lower thresholds.

The regular rate of pay

Why overtime is rarely just 1.5× your hourly wage.

The overtime tax deduction

How the qualified overtime deduction actually works.

Time on the clock

Timesheet rounding & the 7-minute rule

When rounding punches is lawful and when it is not.

Meal & rest break laws

Which breaks are paid, and which states require them.

How to fill out a timesheet

A correct sheet, step by step, with the common mistakes.

The shape of the year

Pay periods explained

Weekly, biweekly, semi-monthly and the 27-paycheck year.

Work hours in a year

Where 2,080 comes from, and the months that break it.

Timesheet & payroll glossary

Sixty terms you will meet on a pay stub or timesheet.

Calculators

Every guide pairs with a tool that does the arithmetic for you.

Weekly timesheet

A full week with breaks, overtime, saving and export.

Time card

One day, clocked in and out up to three times.

Hours between times

Duration between two clock times, including overnight.

Overtime pay

Split hours into regular, overtime and double time.

Hourly ↔ salary

Convert an hourly rate to annual pay and back.

PTO accrual

Turn an accrual rate into days and a year-end balance.

About these guides

Is this legal advice?

No. These guides are general information written to help you understand how hours and pay are calculated. Wage and hour rules vary by state, industry and classification, and they change. Check with your state labour agency or an employment lawyer before acting on anything that matters.

How current is this?

Each guide carries a last-reviewed date and links to the primary sources it draws on — mostly US Department of Labor and IRS material. Where an area is unsettled, such as timesheet rounding in California, the guide says so rather than picking an answer.

Do the guides only cover the United States?

The legal material is US-focused, because that is where the rules are most often searched for and most often misunderstood. The arithmetic guides — decimal hours, work hours in a year, pay period maths — apply anywhere.